My Article on Tenses

                                                       Tenses

Dear learners,

I want to let you know more about tenses and its types. To identify the tenses we need to know some of indications also. Thats why providing you indications along with definition, usage and examples.

The word tense is derived from a Latin word ‘Tempus’ which means ‘Time’.  Tense denote the time of an action. Tenses are three types:

1. Present Tense

2.Past tense

3.Future Tense.

Each block has four sub divisions. Those are simple, continuous , perfect, and perfect continuous.

I. Present Tense.

1.     simple present: S+ V+ O/C

Indication : always, often, seldom, sometime, daily, everyday, generally, occasionally, frequently, readily, usually, regularly, etc.

Def: 1.to denote habitual actions.

For Eg:

1. I go (go) to College daily

2. They come (come) to party ready

3. Rani often makes (make) mistakes

2.To denote universal truths:

For Eg :

1. The earth revolves the sun

2. The moon shines  during the night

3. The earth rotates round the Sun

4. Birds fly in the Sky

5. Bees make Honey

7. The Indian Rivers flow Bay of Bengal

3.  To denote Facts:

1. Honey is Sweet

2. Mount Everest is the height peak in the World

3.Gold melts at 100oc

2. Present Continuous Tense:  S+ am/is/are+V1+  ing +O/C

Indication: Now, at present, listen, see! Look! Etc.

Def: This tense is used to denote present going on actions.

For Eg : 1.I am writing article now.

2.     My mother is preparing food in the kitchen.

3.     Fans are rotating well in the class.

The following verbs are not used in present continuous tense:-

1.   Verbs of perception:-See, hear, smell, notice, recognize

2.   Verbs of appearance :-Appear, look, seem

3.   Verbs of emotion :- what, wish, desire, fed, like, love, hate, hope,           refuse, prefer

4.   Verbs of possession:-have, own, possess, belong, consist, contain.

3. Present Perfect: S+ has/ have/ +V3+ O/C

Indications: just , just now, till now, so far, upto now, ever, never ,already, yet, recently etc.

Def: This tense is used  to denote just completed or recently completed actions.

For Eg :

1. I have written a story just now.

2. He has gone to Delhi just before.

3. She has seen the film recently

4. They have lived in Bangalore till now.

4. Present Perfect Continuous: S+ has/have/+been+ V1 +ing +O/C+ since/for.

Indication : since, for are time prepositions.

Since-  refers  point of time like- since Monday. since  last year/hour/week. Since  6’0 clock etc.

For -refers period of time like – for 2 years/hours/days etc.

Def : This tense is used to denote an action starts in past, continuous in present, It has possibility to continue in future.

For Eg:

1. I have been teaching English grammar for 10years.

2. He has been working here since 2002

II. Past Tense:

1.   simple past tense:- S+ V2+ O/C

Def: This tense is used to denote already completed actions  in the past.

Indications:-

Ago, long ago, last week, last night, last month, last year, last century etc.

.

1. India won the freedom in 1947.

2. The train left  the plat form an hour ago.

2.   Past Continuous: S+ was/were+ V1 +ing + O/C

3.    

Def:  This tense is used to denote past going on actions. It means remind our past actions what we were doing at the same time in past.Its nothing but recollection of memories.

For Eg:

1.     We were going to Agra at this time last month.

2.     I was working as a news reader at this time 2015.

3.   Past Perfect: S+ had+V3+ O/C

 Def : This tense is used for the actions just completed in the past.

Indications:  before, after, as soon as etc

For Eg:

1. I had written a story.

2. You had finished your work.

3. He had left the village.

Most of the time this tense comes with the combination of simple past:

Eg:

1. Before I reached the station, the train had left (leave) the flat form

2. He had gone before I arrived

3. He had finished the work before we reached the garage.

4.   Past Perfect Continuous Tense: S+had+been+V1+ing+ O/C.

Def: This tense is used for the actions already started in the past and continuing up to past.

For Eg: 1.He had been writing a novel.

2.They had been living in Mumbai.

III .Future Tense.

1.Simple Future: S+ shall/will +V1+O/C.

Def: this is used to denote future actions.

Indications: tomorrow, the next day, /next year,/next week etc.

For Eg: I will become a Doctor in 2020.

2. He will become a Business man next year.

5.   Future Continuous: S+ shall/will + be+ V1+ ing + O/C.

Def:  to denote future going on actions. This means we imagine our goals, or deeds.

For Eg: 1. She will be going to Delhi at this time next month.

2. He will be completing his education at this time next year.

4.   Future Perfect : S+ shall/ will+ have +V3+ O/C.

Def: to denote an action this will be completed in particular time in future.

For eg: 1. He will have gone home by time tomorrow.

2. She will have joined in the job by this time next month.

5.   Future perfect Continuous: S+ shall/will+have+been+V1+ing + O/C.

Def:  an action starts in past or present and continues in future

For Eg: 1. He will have been living in Hyderabad.

    Finally I want to tell you that read and learn this topic carefully and remember to identify the tense by indicators. Then you will be able find out errors in sentences and can score well in fill in the blanks part and correction of sentences part when you come across in any competitive examination. After reading this one practice more on tenses.

         Thank you.